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What is GitHub? A Beginner's Guide to GitHub

At a higher level, GitHub is a website and cloud service that helps developers store and manage their code, as well as track and control any changes to this code. 

To understand exactly what GitHub is, you first need to know the two principles that connect it:

- Version Control

- Git.

What is Version Control?

It helps developers keep track of and manage any changes to the software project code. As this project grows, the Version Control becomes essential. Let's take WordPress for example!

At this point, WordPress is a great project. If a major developer wanted to work on a specific part of the WordPress code database, it would not be safe or efficient to allow them to edit directly on the "official" source code.

Because of this, the Version Control allows developers to work safely through a fork and a merge.

With forking, a developer duplicates part of the source code (called a repository). This developer can then safely make changes to that part of the code, without affecting the rest of the project. Then, once the developer gets their part of the code to work properly, this person could merge this code into the main source code to make it official.

All these changes are then recorded and can be reversed if necessary.

What is Git?

Specifically, Git is a distributed version control system, which means that the entire code base and its history are available on every developer's computer, allowing easy access to forks and merges.

So what is GitHub?

It is a non-profit company that offers a hosting service for repositories stored in the cloud. Essentially, it makes it easier for individuals and teams to use Git as the control and collaboration version.

The GitHub interface is fairly easy to use for the novice developer who wants to take advantage of Git. Without GitHub, using Git generally requires a bit more tech savvy and command line usage. GitHub is so easy to use that some people even use GitHub to manage other types of projects - like writing books. In addition to this, anyone can sign up and be hosting a completely free public code repository, which makes GitHub especially popular with open source projects.

As a company, GitHub makes money selling private code repository hosting, like other business-focused plans, which makes it easier for organizations to manage their team members and their security.

How Github works?

To understand how Github works and why it is used by thousands of people around the world we will have to see what parts of it are.

Repository

A repository is the location or path where all the information of a project is stored, such as images, code, folders, documents, etc. Each project would have its own unique repository, so the path will be unique to the project. In the event that we want to work a specific part of our project in isolation, not affecting the main repository, we will have to do it through Branch. The Branch will create an exact copy of our project for testing without fear of making mistakes and affecting all work done.

Pull Request (Merge)

Every time you upload a new change in a branch of the project, you can notify the other collaborators to validate or not your pull request, or if they find possible improvements to comment on them.

GitHub Forks - Tag

Tags allow you to control the status of a repository by giving information to other users of what version the project is currently in. This action is known as “Tagging” and it is quite important when managing the life of a project.

Github Fork

A widely used option on Github is Fork. With this option you will be able to create a new project based on one already created, allowing you to make modifications and saving it in your own repository and not in the original repository. This option facilitates the growth of projects allowing developers to continue improving a software on their own and in the case of an improvement in the main repository you can also implement it to your cloned project. For info, more GitHub forks means more developers trust the usefulness of repository.

When to use Github?

Github is perfect for managing developments, allowing projects to be shared by a large community of developers who will be happy to cooperate and improve the software, providing improvements or comments that will add value to the final development. Having a version manager like Git allows you to see all the changes in the life of the project since its inception.

Exploring the GitHub Interface

To get a basic understanding of what the GitHub interface looks like, you can see various forks that are being modified, just as you can see when someone makes a commit (a way to "save" a file). Depending on how the repository has been established, you can also create your own fork and commits.

Once you've made some changes, you can send that code back to the fork, just by making a pull request. A pull request is basically asking the person in charge of the fork to include their code. And it also helps this person see exactly what changed in the code.

If you wanted to edit a little or a lot of the WordPress source code on your own account on a relatively permanent basis. You could also fork it just by clicking the Fork button (a fork is similar in concept to a fork, but the fork is relatively permanent):

Many WordPress theme and plugin developers host their source code projects on GitHub. For example, you can see the constructor code for the Elementor Page, the source code for the Zerif Lite theme, and many more. But there are also WordPress plugins that can help you use Git with WordPress in a more direct way.

For example, VersionPress aims to bring Git power to regular WordPress actions, like updating a post or installing a plugin. VersionPress adds a control version for your WordPress files and databases.

WP Pusher is another plugin using Git that allows you to launch themes and plugins directly from GitHub to your WordPress site.